Android动态权限申请

0x01 介绍

由于 Android 动态权限申请是一个交互比较复杂的模块，整个申请的流程也比较长，所以，写了一个工具来封装了一个，也具体的实现了一个流程。

由于每个App的Ui风格不一致，所以没有把Toast和弹框封装进工具，等后期有好的想法再优化。

0x02 动态权限申请流程

1. 检查授权状态
2. 申请权限
3. 处理权限申请结果
4. 当用户‘拒绝且不再询问’，引导去手机设置
5. 检查手机设置后的权限申请结果

0x03 使用说明

主要封装类 PermissionManager

根据业务需要用到安卓定义的高危权限，需要去动态申请权权限。通常是在Activity 和 Fragment 组件中发起。

1 检查权限授权状态

if (PermissionManager.hasPermissions(this, Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)) {
    // after permission
    afterPermission()
} else {
    showRequestPermissionDialog("申请手机权限的原因是因为我需要", Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
}

2 申请权限，根据合规化通常需要先弹框

private fun showRequestPermissionDialog(message: String, vararg perm: String) {
    AlertDialog.Builder(this)
        .setTitle("权限申请")
        .setMessage(message)
        .setPositiveButton("去授权") { dialog, which ->
            dialog.dismiss()
            PermissionManager.requestPermissions(this, *perm)
        }
        .setNegativeButton("取消") { dialog, which ->
            dialog.dismiss()
            ToastUtil.showToast(this, "已取消授权...")
        }
        .setCancelable(false)
        .create()
        .show()
}

3 处理权限申请结果

在 onRequestPermissionsResult 回调接口中，调用 PermissionManager.onRequestPermissionsResult 方法，并且实现 PermissionManager.OnPermissionResultCallback 这个回调接口。

override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(
    requestCode: Int,
    permissions: Array<out String>,
    grantResults: IntArray
) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)
    PermissionManager.onRequestPermissionsResult(
        this,
        requestCode,
        permissions,
        grantResults,
        this
    )
}

override fun onPermissionsGranted(requestCode: Int, perms: List<String?>) {
    ToastUtil.showToast(this, "授权成功")
    afterPermission()
}

override fun onPermissionsDenied(requestCode: Int, perms: List<String?>) {
    ToastUtil.showToast(this, "授权失败")
}

override fun onPermissionDeniedForever(requestCode: Int, perms: List<String?>) {
    showSettingsDialog()
}

4 当用户‘拒绝且不再询问’，引导去手机设置

private fun showSettingsDialog() {
    AlertDialog.Builder(this)
        .setTitle("权限申请")
        .setMessage("已永久拒绝，需要去设置->权限设置打开")
        .setPositiveButton("前往设置") { dialog, which ->
            dialog.dismiss()
            val intent = Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS)
                .setData(Uri.fromParts("package", packageName, null))
            startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_FOR_PERMISSION_SETTINGS)
        }
        .setNegativeButton("取消") { dialog, which ->
            dialog.dismiss()
            ToastUtil.showToast(this, "已取消授权...")
        }
        .setCancelable(false)
        .create()
        .show()
}

5 检查手机设置后的权限申请结果

override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?) {
    if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_FOR_PERMISSION_SETTINGS) {
        afterPermission()
    } else {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data)
    }
}

0x04 特别推荐 PermissionX

PermissionX

中文文档

PermissionX is an extension Android library that makes Android runtime permission request extremely easy. You can use it for basic permission request occasions or handle more complex conditions, like showing rationale dialog or go to app settings for allowance manually.